Archive

Next Generation Tobacco Products

August 24, 2016
IIVS has a long-standing history of working with various industries to help establish or utilize in vitro models for the prediction of risk and the assessment of products under development. With the Food and Drug Administration extending its authority to all tobacco products (including e-cigarettes, cigars, and hookah) the tobacco industry is faced with the task of assessing product safety for product development and regulatory submission. Further, the manufacture of tobacco products may entail risk to workers that come in... 3T3 Neutral Red Uptake | Acute Respiratory Toxicity | Bronchial/Tracheal | Chronic Respiratory Toxicity | Ciliary Beat Frequency | DPRA | Eye Irritation Test | Goblet Cell Hyperplasia | Inflammatory Biomarker Profiling | Inflammatory Cytokine Expression

Fragrance & Flavors

August 24, 2016
Exposure to fragrance chemicals is most commonly by direct skin contact. Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) to fragrance ingredients is most often caused by cosmetic products, such as perfumes, deodorants, and aftershave products. Cosmetic fragrance ingredients should be assessed for exposure damage including skin sensitization (ACD), phototoxicity, skin irritation (irritant contact dermatitis), and respiratory irritation and sensitization. At IIVS, we have pre-clinical testing programs to address each of these endpoints to ensure the safety of fragrance ingredients.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... 3T3 Neutral Red Uptake | ARE-Nrf2 Luciferase Keratinocyte Activation Test Method | DPRA | h-CLAT | Respiratory Toxicology | Tissue Models | Fragrance & Flavors

Pharmaceutical

August 16, 2016
Pharmaceutical companies can use in vitro testing for assessing worker safety. Pharmaceutical intermediates should be evaluated to determine the primary hazards associated with them so that those involved in the manufacturing process can take necessary precautions to avoid hazardous exposures. Pharmaceutical compounds can vary widely in their physical forms, such as powders, liquids, and creams. Many in vitro assays such as those using 3-dimensional tissue constructs, and the Bovine Corneal Opacity and Permeability (BCOP) Assay, are suitable for testing different test... 3T3 Neutral Red Uptake | BCOP | Corrositex | DPRA | Eye Irritation Test | h-CLAT | Skin Irritation Corrosion Screening | Skin Irritation Test | Tissue Models | Pharmaceutical

Agro/Petrochemical

July 28, 2016
Agricultural chemicals consist of multiple product types including fertilizers, pesticides, and herbicides. As a result, these chemicals can cover a wide range in the irritation spectrum, from materials that are classified as mild irritants to those that are designated as corrosive. Classification is needed for registration through organizations such as the US EPA, REACH, or Brazil ANVISA. Multiple in vitro assays have OECD test guidelines that can be used to provide GHS hazard classifications that may meet necessary testing requirements. Ocular... 3T3 Neutral Red Uptake | ARE-Nrf2 Luciferase Keratinocyte Activation Test Method | BCOP | Corrositex | DPRA | Eye Irritation Test | h-CLAT | Sensitization | Skin Irritation Corrosion Screening | Agro/Petrochemical

The Assessment of Alternate Solvents for Use in the 3T3 Neutral Red Uptake (NRU) Phototoxicity Assay and the Influence of Solvents on the Prediction of Phototoxic Potential of Amiodarone

April 1, 2016
Source: Pan-American Conference on Alternatives... 3T3 Neutral Red Uptake | Cosmetic & Personal Care | Fragrance & Flavors

Evaluation of New Solvents for the Use in the Multi‐Dose Reconstructed Human EpiDermis (RhE) Phototoxicity Assay

March 17, 2016
The phototoxic potential of test materials after exposure to UVA/visible light is evaluated by the 3T3 Neutral Red Uptake Phototoxicity Assay using Balb/c 3T3 mouse fibroblasts (OECD TG 432). To address challenges related to testing of finished products or materials that are not completely soluble, the Reconstructed Human EpiDermis (RhE) Phototoxicity Assay (INVITTOX Protocol 121) can be used as a stand‐alone or in a tiered approach. Water and sesame oil were recommended solvents for the RhE Assay, however additional solvents... 3T3 Neutral Red Uptake | Cosmetic & Personal Care | Fragrance & Flavors

Screening of Cosmetics Ingredients for Phototoxic Potential Using the In Vitro 3T3 Neutral Red Uptake Phototoxicity Test