June 21, 2018 A framework for the assessment of novel next-generation tobacco and nicotine products with the potential to reduce health risks compared with cigarettes should integrate scientific studies incorporating nonclinical, clinical, and population studies approaches. These products should have lower emissions and exhibit reduced biological effects compared with those of cigarettes, ideally approaching those of smoking cessation. The products should also be acceptable cigarette alternatives for current smokers, while not appealing to nonsmokers or former smokers. Validating harm reduction and promoting regulatory acceptance...Acute Respiratory Toxicity | Chronic Respiratory Toxicity | Goblet Cell Hyperplasia | Pulmonary Models | Respiratory Toxicology | Tobacco | A Wallace Hayes | Christopher Proctor | e-cigarette | Erin Hill