August 24, 2016
The 3-D Phototoxicity assay uses reconstructed human epidermal (RhE) tissue constructs to evaluate the dermal phototoxicity potential of a test material. Toxicity is determined by measuring cytotoxicity [based on the relative conversion of MTT (3-[4,5 – dimethylthiazol-2-yl] – 2,5 – diphenyltetrazolium bromide)] in cultures treated with the test material in the presence and absence of UVA light.
An advantage of using 3-D tissues to evaluate phototoxicity potential is that, unlike the 96-well phototoxicity assay, test materials are applied topically. As such, solids, undiluted...
3T3 Neutral Red Uptake | MEM Elution | NHEK & 3T3 | Phototoxicity | Tissue Models | UV Induced Toxicity | photoxicity | Reconstructed human Epidermis | RhE
August 24, 2016Exposure to fragrance chemicals is most commonly by direct skin contact. Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) to fragrance ingredients is most often caused by cosmetic products, such as perfumes, deodorants, and aftershave products. Cosmetic fragrance ingredients should be assessed for exposure damage including skin sensitization (ACD), phototoxicity, skin irritation (irritant contact dermatitis), and respiratory irritation and sensitization. At IIVS, we have pre-clinical testing programs to address each of these endpoints to ensure the safety of fragrance ingredients.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...
3T3 Neutral Red Uptake | ARE-Nrf2 Luciferase Keratinocyte Activation Test Method | DPRA | h-CLAT | Respiratory Toxicology | Tissue Models | Fragrance & Flavors
August 16, 2016Pharmaceutical companies can use in vitro testing for assessing worker safety. Pharmaceutical intermediates should be evaluated to determine the primary hazards associated with them so that those involved in the manufacturing process can take necessary precautions to avoid hazardous exposures.
Pharmaceutical compounds can vary widely in their physical forms, such as powders, liquids, and creams. Many in vitro assays such as those using 3-dimensional tissue constructs, and the Bovine Corneal Opacity and Permeability (BCOP) Assay, are suitable for testing different test...
3T3 Neutral Red Uptake | BCOP | Corrositex | DPRA | Eye Irritation Test | h-CLAT | Skin Irritation Corrosion Screening | Skin Irritation Test | Tissue Models | Pharmaceutical