Archive
In vitro Phototoxicity – Reconstructed Human Epidermis Phototoxicity test (OECD 498)
August 24, 2016The 3-D Phototoxicity assay uses reconstructed human epidermal (RhE) tissue constructs to evaluate the dermal phototoxicity potential of a test material. Toxicity is determined by measuring cytotoxicity [based on the relative conversion of MTT (3-[4,5 – dimethylthiazol-2-yl] – 2,5 – diphenyltetrazolium bromide)] in cultures treated with the test material in the presence and absence of UVA light. An advantage of using 3-D tissues to evaluate phototoxicity potential is that, unlike the 96-well phototoxicity assay, test materials are applied topically. As such, solids, undiluted...
3T3 Phototoxicity (OECD 432)
August 24, 2016The 3T3 Neutral Red Uptake (NRU) Phototoxicity assay is a 96-well cytotoxicity-based assay that utilizes BALB/c 3T3 mouse fibroblasts to measure the concentration-dependent reduction in neutral red uptake by the cells after exposure to a test material in the presence and absence of UVA light. Duplicate 96-well plates containing a monolayer of 3T3 cells are exposed to serial dilutions of a test material. One of the plates is exposed to 5 J/cm2 of UVA while the other plate is kept...
Next Generation Tobacco Products
August 24, 2016IIVS has a long-standing history of working with various industries to help establish or utilize in vitro models for the prediction of risk and the assessment of products under development. With the Food and Drug Administration extending its authority to all tobacco products (including e-cigarettes, cigars, and hookah) the tobacco industry is faced with the task of assessing product safety for product development and regulatory submission. Further, the manufacture of tobacco products may entail risk to workers that come in...
Fragrance & Flavors
August 24, 2016Exposure to fragrance chemicals is most commonly by direct skin contact. Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) to fragrance ingredients is most often caused by cosmetic products, such as perfumes, deodorants, and aftershave products. Cosmetic fragrance ingredients should be assessed for exposure damage including skin sensitization (ACD), phototoxicity, skin irritation (irritant contact dermatitis), and respiratory irritation and sensitization. At IIVS, we have pre-clinical testing programs to address each of these endpoints to ensure the safety of fragrance ingredients.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...
Pharmaceutical
August 16, 2016Pharmaceutical companies can use in vitro testing for assessing worker safety. Pharmaceutical intermediates should be evaluated to determine the primary hazards associated with them so that those involved in the manufacturing process can take necessary precautions to avoid hazardous exposures. Pharmaceutical compounds can vary widely in their physical forms, such as powders, liquids, and creams. Many in vitro assays such as those using 3-dimensional tissue constructs, and the Bovine Corneal Opacity and Permeability (BCOP) Assay, are suitable for testing different test...
Agro/Petrochemical
July 28, 2016Agricultural chemicals consist of multiple product types including fertilizers, pesticides, and herbicides. As a result, these chemicals can cover a wide range in the irritation spectrum, from materials that are classified as mild irritants to those that are designated as corrosive. Classification is needed for registration through organizations such as the US EPA, REACH, or Brazil ANVISA. Multiple in vitro assays have OECD test guidelines that can be used to provide GHS hazard classifications that may meet necessary testing requirements. Ocular...
The Assessment of Alternate Solvents for Use in the 3T3 Neutral Red Uptake (NRU) Phototoxicity Assay and the Influence of Solvents on the Prediction of Phototoxic Potential of Amiodarone
April 1, 2016Source: Pan-American Conference on Alternatives...
Evaluation of New Solvents for the Use in the Multi‐Dose Reconstructed Human EpiDermis (RhE) Phototoxicity Assay
March 17, 2016The phototoxic potential of test materials after exposure to UVA/visible light is evaluated by the 3T3 Neutral Red Uptake Phototoxicity Assay using Balb/c 3T3 mouse fibroblasts (OECD TG 432). To address challenges related to testing of finished products or materials that are not completely soluble, the Reconstructed Human EpiDermis (RhE) Phototoxicity Assay (INVITTOX Protocol 121) can be used as a stand‐alone or in a tiered approach. Water and sesame oil were recommended solvents for the RhE Assay, however additional solvents...
Webinar: In Vitro 3T3 Phototoxicity Assay Practical Experiences Assay Optimization and Challenges
April 9, 2015...
Assessing increased sensitivity and variability issues in an established in vitro phototoxicity testing program
November 1, 2014Source: 2014 ASCCT Meeting...